_____________________________________________________________
せんせいとしておしえることがたくさんあります。
Sensei toshite oshieru koto ga takusan arimasu.
As a teacher, there is a lot I have to teach.
About to do
I am about to teach you how to say 'I am about to do something'!
That was my bad pun of the day, so let's dive into the lesson, shall we?
The word ところ roughly means 'about to' or 'on the verge of' and is placed after verbs. Keep in mind that this word does not mean 'about' as in 'I know a lot about this topic'; it only means 'about to do something'.
VERB (casual non-past) + ところ (です)
I am just about to leave now.
いまでかけるところです。
Ima dekakeru tokoro desu.
Since I am about to go into the bath, could you open the door?
いまからおふろにはいるところから、ドアをあけてくれる？
Ima kara ofuro ni hairu tokoro kara, doa o akete kureru?
I was just about to believe it.
もうすこしでしんじるところだったの。
Mou sukoshi de shinjiru tokoro datta no.
Have you eaten lunch already?
ひるごはんはもうたべましたか？
Hirugohan wa mou tabemashita ka?
No, I was just about to eat.
いいえ、これからたべるところです。
Iie, kore kara taberu tokoro desu.
This construction is pretty straightforward, but if you have questions about it, don't forget that I am here to answer them! About any lessons, for that matter.
The word ところ as is means 'a place'.
________________________________________________
Too much and a lot
The expression 'too much' in Japanese is actually a verb. It can be attached to other verbs or adjectives to say that we did too much or that something is too much.
The verb is すぎる and it is a ichidan verb.
With verbs
Aaaa, I ate too much...
あああ、たべすぎた。。。
Aaa, tabesugita...
I read a lot recently, so my eyes hurt.
さいきんよみすぎて、めがいたいです。
Saikin yomisugite, me ga itai desu.
It conjugates exactly like a verb. With this expression, only すぎる will be conjugated.
With adjectives
With い-adjectives, we will take off the final い and add すぎる.
This cake is too delicious!
このケーキはおいしすぎる！
Kono keeki wa oishisugiru!
I had too much fun at the aquarium! Thank you!
すいぞくかんがたのしすぎました！ありがとう！
Suizokukan ga tanoshisugimashita! Arigatou!
With な-adjectives, we will take off the な and add すぎる.
Sakura's room is really clean, I think this is super nice.
さくらのへやはきれいすぎて、すばらしいだとおもいます。
Sakura no heya wa kireisugite, subarashii da to omoimasu.
If you want to say 'a lot of things', however, you will use either いっぱい or たくさん. They both mean 'a lot', but いっぱい is mostly used to say that it is full or there is no more room and is used with uncountable objects, such as liquids. たくさん is used to say that it is enough and is used with countable things.
I drank a lot of beer at the bar.
バーでビールをいっぱいのみました。
Baa de biiru o ippai nomimashita.
I am preoccupied a lot about work. (literally, my head is full with work thoughts)
おしごとのことであたまがいっぱい。
Oshigoto no koto de atama ga ippai.
I ate too much soba (and I don't have room for anything else.)
そばをいっぱいたべました。
Soba o ippai tabemashita.
I ate too much soba (but I still have room.)
そばをたくさんたべました。
Soba o takusan tabemashita.
There are a lot of books at the library.
としょかんにほんがたくさんありますよ。
Toshokan ni hon ga takusan arimasu yo.
The case of そば is particular. そば are noodles, so we can in this case use both.
_____________________________________________
Easy and difficult
We will learn two expressions that will be useful, 'easy to do something' and 'difficult to do something'.
To do so, we will use the two words やすい (easy) and にくい (difficult).
We will use the stem of the verbs with these two words.
It is difficult to eat this with chopsticks.
これはおはしではたべにくいです。
Kore wa ohashi de wa tabenikui desu.
I think mathematics are hard to understand.
さんすうはわかりにくいだとおもいます。
Sansuu wa wakarinikui da to omoimasu.
It is hard to say, but can you break up with me?
とてもいいにくいのですが、わかれてくれませんか？
Totemo iinikui no desu ga, wakarete kuremasen ka?
Japanese is easy to understand.
にほんごはわかりやすいです。
Nihongo wa wakariyasui desu.
This computer is easy to use.
このパソコンはつかいやすいです。
Kono pasokon wa tsukaiyasui desu.
Sakura is gullible.
さくらはだまされやすい。
Sakura wa damasareyasui.
It's very easy to take the trains in Japan.
にほんにはでんしゃはとてものりやすいです。
Nihon ni wa densha wa totemo noriyasui desu.
Note: You have probably noticed that in those sentences, は was used instead of を or に.
In these examples, これはおはしではたべにくいです and にほんにはでんしゃはとてものりやすいです. Yes, it is true that we must use を with たべる and に with のる, but when you say that something is easy or difficult, it becomes an adjective and the thing you are talking about becomes the subject. Thus, we use the particle は. So, giving やすい or にくい to a verb will turn this verb into an adjective.
Verb + にくい / やすい + noun
わかりやすいせつめい - an easy-to-understand explanation
こたえにくいしつもん - a difficult-to-answer question
よみやすいほん - an easy-to-read book
They can also become adverbs.
やすく -- にくく
I sliced the pork cutlets into pieces to make it easier to eat.
とんかつはたべやすくきっておきました。
Tonkatsu wa tabeyasuku kitte okimashita.
'Easier to eat' is the adverb here.
Due to the snow, the roads have become more slippery, please be careful.
ゆきでみちがすべりやすくなっているので、きをつけてください。
Yuki de michi ga suberiyasuku natteiru no de, ki o tsukete kudasai.
'More slippery' is the adverb.
Since he has started to work in the same division, it has become hard to work here.
かれがおなじぶしょにきてから、はたらきにくくなった。
Kare ga onaji busho ni kite kara, hatarakinikuku natta.
'Hard to work' is the adverb.
How to mix adjectives and verbs
Now that we have learned how to say that something is easy or difficult to do, I have to teach you how to mix verbs and adjectives together. For instance, how to say 'playing video games is fun' and other things like that.
We will separate the verb and the adjective with のは.
Playing video games is fun.
ゲームをするのはたのしいです。
Geemu o suru no wa tanoshii desu.
Raising kids is hard.
こどもをそだてるのはたいへんです。
Kodomo o sodateru no wa taihen desu.
This is valid for all adjectives.
How to mix verbs with nouns
The same goes for nouns.
If you want to say 'it is my dream to become a singer', you will use のが in between the verb and the noun.
It is my dream to become a singer.
わたしはかしゅになるのがゆめなんだ。
Watashi wa kashu ni naru no ga yume nanda.
なん in front of だ, or なんて, is used when you stress a word or a situation. It can mean 'such a thing as'. In this sentence, you stress that it is a dream of yours to become a singer.
___________________________________
As
として, along with としても and としては, can roughly mean 'as' as in 'I work as an employee there' or 'I am going to Japan as an exchange student'.
Its use is pretty straightforward.
I think it is beautiful as a work of art.
ぎじゅつさくいんとしてうつくしいとおもう。
Gijutsusakuin toshite utsukushii to omou.
My dream is to work as a professional.
プロとしてはたらくのがゆめなんだ。
Puro toshite hataraku no ga yume nanda.
I am going to Japan as an exchange student.
りゅうがくせいとしてにほんにいきます。
Ryuugakusei toshite nihon ni ikimasu.
_________________________________________
You have completed lesson 21!
レッシュン21ができた！
No comments:
Post a Comment